Definition

1. Noun:

   • Pollution: The presence or introduction into the environment of harmful or poisonous substances, making it dirty, unsafe, or unhealthy.
   • Contamination: The state of being made impure or unclean by the addition of a foreign, often harmful, substance.

2. Adjective:

   • Polluted: Describing something (air, water, land) that has been made dirty or harmful by the addition of waste or chemicals.
   • Contaminated: Describing something that has been made impure or unsafe by contact with a harmful substance.

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • Ô nhiễm không khí là một vấn đề nghiêm trọng ở các thành phố lớn. (Air pollution is a serious problem in big cities.)
  • Chính phủ đang tìm cách giảm ô nhiễm từ các nhà máy. (The government is finding ways to reduce pollution from factories.)

• Adjective:

  • Nguồn nước ở đây đã bị ô nhiễm nặng. (The water source here is heavily polluted.)
  • Không nên bơi ở những con sông ô nhiễm. (You should not swim in polluted rivers.)

Advanced Usage

• "gây ô nhiễm": to cause pollution, to pollute (verb phrase).

  • Xe cộ gây ô nhiễm tiếng ồn. (Vehicles cause noise pollution.)

• "kiểm soát ô nhiễm": pollution control.

  • Cần có luật mạnh về kiểm soát ô nhiễm. (Strong laws on pollution control are needed.)

Variants and Related Words

• Ô nhiễm môi trường (n): Environmental pollution.

  • Bảo vệ rừng giúp giảm ô nhiễm môi trường. (Protecting forests helps reduce environmental pollution.)

• Ô nhiễm hóa học (n): Chemical contamination.

  • Vụ tràn dầu dẫn đến ô nhiễm hóa học nghiêm trọng. (The oil spill led to serious chemical contamination.)

Synonyms

• Pollution: The primary synonym for the noun form.
• Contamination: Often used interchangeably, especially for water or food.
• Impurity: A state of being not pure, though less severe.

Related Idioms

• Ô nhiễm trắng: White pollution (referring to plastic waste pollution).

  • Ô nhiễm trắng từ túi nilon là mối đe dọa toàn cầu. (White pollution from plastic bags is a global threat.)

• Ô nhiễm tinh thần: Spiritual/Moral pollution (referring to the corruption of culture or morals).

  • Một số người lo ngại về ô nhiễm tinh thần từ internet. (Some people worry about moral pollution from the internet.)

verb

1. to polute